Проблема: имеется множество разных конфигураций машин, на которых хочется запускать свой софт. Общее в них – это PC, x86, не хуже Pentium-200. Хочется иметь базовую конфигурацию, которая будет работать без настройки на всех этих машинах.
Цель: с минимальными усилиями получить GNU/Linux rootfs <128Mb, включающий в себя X и работающий на всем.
Решение: собирать livecd, заливать его на винт/usb/cd/…
Детали (kickstart для Fedora8):
lang ru_RU.UTF-8 keyboard ru_win timezone Europe/Moscow --utc auth --useshadow --enablemd5 selinux --disabled firewall --disabled part / --size 1024 #X11 xconfig --startxonboot repo --name=e8 --baseurl=ftp://192.168.4.23/pub/fedora/linux/releases/8/Everything/i386/os/ repo --name=u8 --baseurl=ftp://192.168.4.23/pub/fedora/linux/updates/8/i386/ %packages --excludedocs --nobase glibc initscripts chkconfig bash kernel passwd authconfig # cyrillic console kbd #X11 xorg-x11-drivers xorg-x11-xinit #window manager #xorg-x11-xdm #xorg-x11-twm metacity xterm system-config-display #fonts liberation-fonts #qt4 #qt4-devel unixODBC-kde #debugging rpm strace vim-minimal fedora-logos %end %post cat > /etc/rc.d/init.d/fedora-live << EOF #!/bin/bash # # live: Init script for live image # # chkconfig: 345 00 99 # description: Init script for live image. . /etc/init.d/functions if ! strstr "\`cat /proc/cmdline\`" liveimg || [ "\$1" != "start" ] || [ -e /.liveimg-configured ] ; then exit 0 fi exists() { which \$1 >/dev/null 2>&1 || return \$* } touch /.liveimg-configured # mount live image if [ -b /dev/live ]; then mkdir -p /mnt/live mount -o ro /dev/live /mnt/live fi # read some variables out of /proc/cmdline for o in \`cat /proc/cmdline\` ; do case \$o in ks=*) ks="\${o#ks=}" ;; xdriver=*) xdriver="--set-driver=\${o#xdriver=}" ;; esac done # if liveinst or textinst is given, start anaconda if strstr "\`cat /proc/cmdline\`" liveinst ; then /usr/sbin/liveinst \$ks fi if strstr "\`cat /proc/cmdline\`" textinst ; then /usr/sbin/liveinst --text \$ks fi # enable swaps unless requested otherwise swaps=\`blkid -t TYPE=swap -o device\` if ! strstr "\`cat /proc/cmdline\`" noswap -a [ -n "\$swaps" ] ; then for s in \$swaps ; do action "Enabling swap partition \$s" swapon \$s done fi # configure X, allowing user to override xdriver exists system-config-display --noui --reconfig --set-depth=24 \$xdriver # add fedora user with no passwd useradd -c "Fedora Live" fedora passwd -d fedora > /dev/null # turn off firstboot for livecd boots echo "RUN_FIRSTBOOT=NO" > /etc/sysconfig/firstboot # don't start yum-updatesd for livecd boots chkconfig --level 345 yum-updatesd off 2>/dev/null # don't start cron/at as they tend to spawn things which are # disk intensive that are painful on a live image chkconfig --level 345 crond off 2>/dev/null chkconfig --level 345 atd off 2>/dev/null chkconfig --level 345 anacron off 2>/dev/null chkconfig --level 345 readahead_early off 2>/dev/null chkconfig --level 345 readahead_later off 2>/dev/null # Stopgap fix for RH #217966; should be fixed in HAL instead touch /media/.hal-mtab # workaround clock syncing on shutdown that we don't want (#297421) sed -i -e 's/hwclock/no-such-hwclock/g' /etc/rc.d/init.d/halt EOF # workaround avahi segfault (#279301) touch /etc/resolv.conf /sbin/restorecon /etc/resolv.conf chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/fedora-live /sbin/restorecon /etc/rc.d/init.d/fedora-live /sbin/chkconfig --add fedora-live # save a little bit of space at least... rm -f /boot/initrd* # make sure there aren't core files lying around rm -f /core* rpm -e --nodeps fedora-release-notes rpm -e --nodeps avahi #rpm -e --nodeps cracklib-dicts #glibc-common rm -rf /usr/share/doc rm -rf /usr/lib/locale/* localedef -i /usr/share/i18n/locales/ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU localedef -i /usr/share/i18n/locales/ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8 localedef -i /usr/share/i18n/locales/ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R find /usr/share/i18n/locales -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 | grep -v ru | xargs rm -rf find /usr/share/locale -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 | grep -v ru | xargs rm -rf #kernel rm -rf /lib/modules/*/kernel/{sound,drivers/{atm,bluetooth,firewire,mtd,net,pcmcia,watchdog}} #perl is needed only during setup rpm -e --nodeps perl perl-libs #funny X setup cat >/etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc << EOF metacity & xterm EOF chmod +x /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc cat >/etc/X11/prefdm << EOF #! /bin/sh PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin # We need to source this so that the login screens get translated [ -f /etc/sysconfig/i18n ] && . /etc/sysconfig/i18n startx EOF chmod +x /etc/X11/prefdm %end
Оно работает! ((: